Gastroscopy is a quick, sedated examination of the food pipe, stomach and duodenum with a thin flexible camera. It investigates acidity, ulcers, swallowing problems, bleeding and early cancer — and allows a biopsy to be taken in the same sitting.
| What | Camera examination of the upper digestive tract |
| Why | Acidity, ulcers, bleeding, difficulty swallowing, early cancer |
| Comfort | Done under sedation or throat spray — quick and well-tolerated |
| Time | About 10–15 minutes, same-day discharge |
What is a gastroscopy?
A gastroscopy (upper GI endoscopy) passes a slim flexible camera through the mouth to inspect the food pipe (esophagus), stomach and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It gives a direct, detailed view that scans cannot, making it the key test for upper-digestive symptoms.
What it detects & treats
Gastroscopy diagnoses reflux damage, hiatus hernia, gastritis, ulcers, H. pylori infection, narrowings and early cancers. It is also therapeutic — it can take biopsies, stop bleeding ulcers, remove small lesions and stretch narrowings, all without surgery.
What to expect
After a few hours of fasting, the procedure is performed under light sedation or with a numbing throat spray and usually takes 10–15 minutes. Most people go home the same day; if sedation is used, you will need someone to accompany you.
How we treat Gastroscopy (Upper GI Endoscopy)
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Super-specialist GI, bariatric & cancer surgeon. SGPGIMS (India's premier GI centre) + advanced training in Japan & South Korea. Read full profile →
Last reviewed: June 2026Frequently asked questions
It is quick and well-tolerated, performed under sedation or with a throat spray. Most people remember little of it and recover within an hour.
It is advised for persistent acidity, difficulty swallowing, unexplained vomiting or weight loss, suspected ulcers or bleeding, and to check for early cancer.
Yes. Painless biopsies can be taken during the same procedure, for example to test for H. pylori or to check suspicious areas.
You will be asked to fast for a few hours beforehand so the stomach is empty, giving a clear and safe examination.
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