Find Digestive
Conditions A to Z

GERD (gastro-esophageal reflux disease) is the backflow of stomach acid into the food pipe, causing heartburn, regurgitation and chest discomfort. It is treated first with lifestyle changes and medicines, and with keyhole anti-reflux surgery when symptoms persist.

Gallbladder stones are hardened deposits in the gallbladder that can cause right-upper-abdomen pain, especially after fatty meals. The definitive treatment is laparoscopic gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy), a safe day-care keyhole surgery.

Piles (haemorrhoids) are swollen blood vessels in and around the anal canal that cause bright-red bleeding, discomfort, swelling and itching. Most improve with diet and minor office procedures; advanced piles are treated with modern, low-pain day-care surgery.

A hernia is a bulge that occurs when an organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. Hernias do not heal on their own; the durable treatment is laparoscopic mesh repair, which restores strength with minimal pain and fast recovery.

Liver cancer is a malignant tumour arising in the liver, often on a background of cirrhosis or hepatitis. When caught early it can be treated with surgical resection or transplantation, offering the best chance of cure.

Colon cancer develops in the large intestine, most often from polyps that grow slowly over years and can be removed during colonoscopy before they turn cancerous. Caught early, surgery offers a high chance of cure — which is why screening saves lives.

Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix that causes pain typically shifting to the right lower abdomen, with nausea, loss of appetite and fever. It is a surgical emergency, treated safely and quickly by laparoscopic (keyhole) appendix removal.